Ben Carson, a neurosurgeon turned conservative politician, says he’s running for the Republican presidential nomination. Here are some key things to know about the highly regarded physician and little-known candidate:
THE BRIEF
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Dr.
 Ben Carson has never held public office, but he hopes to parlay fame as
 a surgeon, author and conservative commentator into an outsider’s 
campaign against established politicians. A nationally respected 
physician with a rags-to-riches story, Carson excoriates the modern 
welfare state. “I believe in a safety net for people who need a safety 
net,” he says, acknowledging that his mother sometimes accepted 
government assistance when he was a child. But, he added, “I do not 
believe in a system that puts people in a chronic state of dependence.” 
He talks openly of his religious faith. Carson also is the only 
African-American in the Republican field when GOP leaders acknowledge 
the party’s need to attract more non-white voters. But he also blisters 
President Barack Obama, who remains extremely popular among 
African-Americans. Carson once compared Obama’s health care overhaul to 
slavery. Carson blasts alliances between powerful interests and the 
federal government, saying the system denies most Americans a real 
opportunity at economic advancement and political power. The challenge 
for Carson is to capitalize on being the anti-politician while still 
mounting an effective campaign. Just as important, can he avoid mistakes
 that hobble longshot candidates? A recent example: Carson told CNN that
 being gay is “absolutely” a choice; he apologized after an uproar.
RESUME REVIEW
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Carson,
 63, gained prominence in the medical community during 29 years 
directing pediatric neurosurgery at Baltimore’s Johns Hopkins Children’s
 Center. Perhaps his greatest single professional achievement came in 
1987, when Carson led the first successful separation of twins connected
 at the back of the head. He has served on corporate boards and the 
governing board of Yale University, his undergraduate alma mater. In 
2008, President George W. Bush awarded Carson the Medal of Freedom, the 
highest civilian honor the U.S. government bestows. He speaks and signs 
books across the country and appears regularly on Fox News, which feeds 
his popularity among conservatives. About his political inexperience, he
 says: “It’s not about me. It’s about `we the people.’  
PERSONAL STORY
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Carson
 grew up in Detroit and tells audiences of a bare-bones childhood in 
which his single mother, who didn’t finish elementary school, struggled 
to get by. Carson concedes she sometimes took welfare assistance, but 
criticizes a culture that he says grew up around that help – of liberal 
politicians offering welfare in exchange for votes. “Whenever the 
government would announce a new program, people were so excited, `Yeah, 
we’re going to get more goodies,’ ” he told a tea party convention in 
January. Carson said he learned from that upbringing that “the person 
who has the most to do with what happens to you in life is you. It’s not
 somebody else. It’s not the environment. We have got to get that 
message to Americans, that you are not a victim.” Besides his bachelor’s
 from Yale, Carson holds a medical degree from the University of 
Michigan. Carson and his wife, Candy, have been married since 1975. They
 have three sons. 
CALLING CARD MOMENT
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The
 2009 movie “Gifted Hands” featured Cuba Gooding Jr. as Carson. But the 
doctor’s political coming out happened when he was keynote speaker for 
the 2013 National Prayer Breakfast. Only feet away from Obama, Carson 
used his platform to disparage Obama’s health care law, the progressive 
income tax structure and rising national debt, among other things. In 
particular, the speech raised Carson’s profile as a conservative 
front-man on health care policy. 
EARLY STATE ACTION
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Carson has made trips to Iowa, New Hampshire and South Carolina, but not as often as his rivals. 
READING LIST
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 Carson has released eight books, from his autobiography, “Gifted 
Hands,” to his latest political commentary, “One Nation: What We All Can
 Do to Save America’s Future.